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inburgeringwijzer

ONA, MAP, and PVT: the participation component

By Redactie Inburgering — compiled based on inburgeren.nl and rijksoverheid.nlLast checked: 2026-06-28
ONA (under the old law) and MAP (under the Wet inburgering 2021), supplemented by the PVT (Praktijkverklaring/Toets), form the participation component of civic integration. In this part, you show what you've done to take part in Dutch society — through work, volunteering, or an internship.

What is ONA?

ONA (Oriëntatie op de Nederlandse Arbeidsmarkt, Orientation on the Dutch Labour Market) is the participation component under the old Wet inburgering 2013. In it, you show that you know how the Dutch labour market works and what you've personally done to become part of it.

What is MAP?

MAP (Module Arbeidsmarkt en Participatie, Labour Market and Participation Module) is the successor to ONA, under the Wet inburgering 2021. It's broader than just work: it's also about taking part in society in general.

What is the PVT?

The PVT (Praktijkverklaring/Toets, Practical Statement/Test) shows that you've actually participated, for example through an internship, volunteering, or paid work. This component runs through your municipality.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between ONA and MAP?

ONA applied under the old Wet inburgering 2013; MAP is the broader participation component under the Wet inburgering 2021.

Who assesses the PVT?

This runs through your municipality, not through DUO.

Sources

Rijksoverheid — Wet inburgering 2021(official)(opens in new tab)inburgeren.nl — Examen doen(official)(opens in new tab)
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